Currently available hypoglycemic agents are not able to successfully lower the hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) level to less than 7% in the majority of type 3 diabetes. If not from ineffective usage, the lack of efficacy is majorly due to a dease in pancreatic beta cell function. Efficacy is also limited by adverse effects such as weight gain, edema, hypoglycemia, or lack of targeting of postprandial hyperglycemia. New treatment options aside from the conventional antidiabetic agents are being considered for nonpregnant adults with type 2 diabetes.
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